Flavor profile

Watercress's peppery heat comes from phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) formed from its glucosinolate gluconasturtiin when the leaves are chewed or damaged — the same mechanism as mustard and wasabi. The heat is more sustained and less sharp than radish, with a fresh, grassy, spring-green quality underneath the pepper note. Raw watercress in classic British sandwiches (egg and watercress, cream cheese and watercress) is one of the great simple combinations — the pepper note contrasting with the creamy filling. Watercress soup: briefly wilt watercress in butter with onion and potato, add stock, simmer until tender, blend — the resulting soup has a brilliant green color and a distinctive fresh-peppery flavor that is unlike any other green soup. The color fades rapidly with heat; cooking watercress no longer than necessary preserves the vivid color. Natural affinities: cream cheese, soft-boiled eggs, cold poached salmon, beef (watercress is a classic English accompaniment to steak), and goat cheese.

Flavor relationships

almonds

almonds

Almonds adds nutty richness and texture that gives watercress more contrast and substance.

apples

apples

Apples adds fruitiness and natural sweetness that rounds out watercress's sharper, richer, or more aromatic side.

asparagus

asparagus

Asparagus adds complementary plant character, giving watercress more contrast in texture, sweetness, bitterness, or freshness.

bacon

bacon

Bacon adds savory richness and browned depth that gives watercress more weight and turns it into a heartier dish.

bean sprouts

bean sprouts

Bean Sprouts adds complementary plant character, giving watercress more contrast in texture, sweetness, bitterness, or freshness.

beef

beef

Watercress's peppery bite cuts through beef's richness and makes roasts, sandwiches, and salads feel fresher.

beets

beets

Beets adds complementary plant character, giving watercress more contrast in texture, sweetness, bitterness, or freshness.

bell peppers

bell peppers

Bell Peppers adds spice, warmth, or aromatic complexity that plays against watercress's natural base notes.

butter, unsalted

butter, unsalted

Butter, Unsalted adds richness and helps carry watercress's flavor, giving the pairing a smoother texture and a more rounded finish.

buttermilk

buttermilk

Buttermilk adds richness and helps carry watercress's flavor, giving the pairing a smoother texture and a more rounded finish.

cheese, blue

cheese, blue

Cheese, Blue adds salt, fat, and savory depth that give watercress more structure and make the combination feel fuller.

cheese, goat

cheese, goat

Cheese, Goat adds salt, fat, and savory depth that give watercress more structure and make the combination feel fuller.

cheese, pecorino

cheese, pecorino

Cheese, Pecorino adds salt, fat, and savory depth that give watercress more structure and make the combination feel fuller.

chervil

chervil

Chervil adds herbal lift and aromatic contrast, keeping watercress from tasting too heavy, flat, or one-dimensional.

chicken

chicken

Chicken adds savory richness and browned depth that gives watercress more weight and turns it into a heartier dish.

chives

chives

Chives supplies an allium backbone that deepens watercress's savory side and gives the pairing a more complete cooked flavor.

cilantro

cilantro

Cilantro adds herbal lift and aromatic contrast, keeping watercress from tasting too heavy, flat, or one-dimensional.

cream

cream

Cream adds richness and helps carry watercress's flavor, giving the pairing a smoother texture and a more rounded finish.

crème fraîche

crème fraîche

Crème Fraîche adds richness and helps carry watercress's flavor, giving the pairing a smoother texture and a more rounded finish.

cucumbers

cucumbers

Cucumbers adds complementary plant character, giving watercress more contrast in texture, sweetness, bitterness, or freshness.

duck

duck

Duck adds savory richness and browned depth that gives watercress more weight and turns it into a heartier dish.

eggs

eggs

Eggs soften watercress's peppery sharpness while the greens keep the dish bright.

endive

endive

Endive adds complementary plant character, giving watercress more contrast in texture, sweetness, bitterness, or freshness.

fennel

fennel

Fennel adds complementary plant character, giving watercress more contrast in texture, sweetness, bitterness, or freshness.

fish

fish

Fish brings briny savory depth that contrasts with watercress's sweeter, fresher, richer, or creamy qualities.

fish sauce, asian

fish sauce, asian

Fish Sauce, Asian brings briny savory depth that contrasts with watercress's sweeter, fresher, richer, or creamy qualities.

garlic

garlic

Garlic supplies an allium backbone that deepens watercress's savory side and gives the pairing a more complete cooked flavor.

ginger

ginger

Ginger adds spice, warmth, or aromatic complexity that plays against watercress's natural base notes.

lamb

lamb

Lamb adds savory richness and browned depth that gives watercress more weight and turns it into a heartier dish.

leeks

leeks

Leeks supplies an allium backbone that deepens watercress's savory side and gives the pairing a more complete cooked flavor.

lemon, juice

lemon, juice

Lemon, Juice brings acidity and brightness that sharpens watercress's flavor and keeps the pairing lively.

lime, juice

lime, juice

Lime, Juice brings acidity and brightness that sharpens watercress's flavor and keeps the pairing lively.

mascarpone

mascarpone

Mascarpone complements watercress by adding contrast, depth, or texture without overwhelming the ingredient's main character.

meats, roasted

meats, roasted

Meats, Roasted adds savory richness and browned depth that gives watercress more weight and turns it into a heartier dish.

mint

mint

Mint adds herbal lift and aromatic contrast, keeping watercress from tasting too heavy, flat, or one-dimensional.

mushrooms

mushrooms

Mushrooms reinforces watercress's earthy side and adds umami depth, especially in richer cooked preparations.

mustard

mustard

Mustard adds spice, warmth, or aromatic complexity that plays against watercress's natural base notes.

oil, grapeseed

oil, grapeseed

Oil, Grapeseed adds richness and helps carry watercress's flavor, giving the pairing a smoother texture and a more rounded finish.

oil, sesame

oil, sesame

Oil, Sesame adds richness and helps carry watercress's flavor, giving the pairing a smoother texture and a more rounded finish.

oil, vegetable

oil, vegetable

Oil, Vegetable adds richness and helps carry watercress's flavor, giving the pairing a smoother texture and a more rounded finish.

oil, walnut

oil, walnut

Oil, Walnut adds richness and helps carry watercress's flavor, giving the pairing a smoother texture and a more rounded finish.

olive oil

olive oil

Olive Oil adds richness and helps carry watercress's flavor, giving the pairing a smoother texture and a more rounded finish.

onions, red

onions, red

Onions, Red supplies an allium backbone that deepens watercress's savory side and gives the pairing a more complete cooked flavor.

onions, white

onions, white

Onions, White supplies an allium backbone that deepens watercress's savory side and gives the pairing a more complete cooked flavor.

onions, yellow

onions, yellow

Onions, Yellow supplies an allium backbone that deepens watercress's savory side and gives the pairing a more complete cooked flavor.

orange

orange

Orange brings acidity and brightness that sharpens watercress's flavor and keeps the pairing lively.

oysters

oysters

Oysters brings briny savory depth that contrasts with watercress's sweeter, fresher, richer, or creamy qualities.

parsley, flat-leaf

parsley, flat-leaf

Parsley, Flat-Leaf adds herbal lift and aromatic contrast, keeping watercress from tasting too heavy, flat, or one-dimensional.

pears

pears

Pears adds fruitiness and natural sweetness that rounds out watercress's sharper, richer, or more aromatic side.

peas

peas

Peas complements watercress by adding contrast, depth, or texture without overwhelming the ingredient's main character.

pepper, black

pepper, black

Pepper, Black adds spice, warmth, or aromatic complexity that plays against watercress's natural base notes.

pepper, white

pepper, white

Pepper, White adds spice, warmth, or aromatic complexity that plays against watercress's natural base notes.

potatoes

potatoes

Potatoes adds complementary plant character, giving watercress more contrast in texture, sweetness, bitterness, or freshness.

radicchio

radicchio

Radicchio adds complementary plant character, giving watercress more contrast in texture, sweetness, bitterness, or freshness.

rice

rice

Rice gives watercress a structured base or serving context that absorbs flavor and makes the pairing feel more complete.

salads

salads

Salads adds structure and seasoning that helps watercress integrate into a fuller dish instead of wandering around like an ingredient without a project manager.

salmon

salmon

Watercress adds peppery freshness that cuts through salmon's fattiness.

salt, kosher

salt, kosher

Salt, Kosher adds seasoning or sweetness that balances watercress's sharper, richer, or earthier qualities.

salt, sea

salt, sea

Salt, Sea adds seasoning or sweetness that balances watercress's sharper, richer, or earthier qualities.

scallions

scallions

Scallions supplies an allium backbone that deepens watercress's savory side and gives the pairing a more complete cooked flavor.

scallops

scallops

Scallops brings briny savory depth that contrasts with watercress's sweeter, fresher, richer, or creamy qualities.

seafood

seafood

Seafood brings briny savory depth that contrasts with watercress's sweeter, fresher, richer, or creamy qualities.

sesame seeds, black

sesame seeds, black

Sesame Seeds, Black adds nutty richness and texture that gives watercress more contrast and substance.

sesame oil

sesame oil

Sesame Oil adds richness and helps carry watercress's flavor, giving the pairing a smoother texture and a more rounded finish.

shallots

shallots

Shallots complements watercress by adding contrast, depth, or texture without overwhelming the ingredient's main character.

shrimp

shrimp

Shrimp brings briny savory depth that contrasts with watercress's sweeter, fresher, richer, or creamy qualities.

smoked salmon

smoked salmon

Smoked Salmon brings briny savory depth that contrasts with watercress's sweeter, fresher, richer, or creamy qualities.

sorrel

sorrel

Sorrel complements watercress by adding contrast, depth, or texture without overwhelming the ingredient's main character.

soups

soups

Soups adds structure and seasoning that helps watercress integrate into a fuller dish instead of wandering around like an ingredient without a project manager.

soy sauce

soy sauce

Soy Sauce complements watercress by adding contrast, depth, or texture without overwhelming the ingredient's main character.

stocks, chicken

stocks, chicken

Stocks, Chicken adds savory richness and browned depth that gives watercress more weight and turns it into a heartier dish.

stocks, fish

stocks, fish

Stocks, Fish brings briny savory depth that contrasts with watercress's sweeter, fresher, richer, or creamy qualities.

stocks, seafood

stocks, seafood

Stocks, Seafood brings briny savory depth that contrasts with watercress's sweeter, fresher, richer, or creamy qualities.

stocks, vegetable

stocks, vegetable

Stocks, Vegetable adds structure and seasoning that helps watercress integrate into a fuller dish instead of wandering around like an ingredient without a project manager.

sugar

sugar

Sugar adds seasoning or sweetness that balances watercress's sharper, richer, or earthier qualities.

tarragon

tarragon

Tarragon adds herbal lift and aromatic contrast, keeping watercress from tasting too heavy, flat, or one-dimensional.

tea sandwiches

tea sandwiches

Tea Sandwiches gives watercress a structured base or serving context that absorbs flavor and makes the pairing feel more complete.

tomatoes

tomatoes

Tomatoes adds complementary plant character, giving watercress more contrast in texture, sweetness, bitterness, or freshness.

veal

veal

Veal adds savory richness and browned depth that gives watercress more weight and turns it into a heartier dish.

vinaigrette

vinaigrette

Vinaigrette brings acidity and brightness that sharpens watercress's flavor and keeps the pairing lively.

vinegar, champagne

vinegar, champagne

Vinegar, Champagne brings acidity and brightness that sharpens watercress's flavor and keeps the pairing lively.

vinegar, red wine

vinegar, red wine

Vinegar, Red Wine brings acidity and brightness that sharpens watercress's flavor and keeps the pairing lively.

vinegar, rice

vinegar, rice

Vinegar, Rice brings acidity and brightness that sharpens watercress's flavor and keeps the pairing lively.

vinegar, sherry

vinegar, sherry

Vinegar, Sherry brings acidity and brightness that sharpens watercress's flavor and keeps the pairing lively.

walnuts

walnuts

Walnuts adds nutty richness and texture that gives watercress more contrast and substance.

wine, rice

wine, rice

Wine, Rice adds aromatic depth, warmth, or sweetness that helps watercress work in drinks, sauces, desserts, or cooked preparations.

wine, white

wine, white

Wine, White adds aromatic depth, warmth, or sweetness that helps watercress work in drinks, sauces, desserts, or cooked preparations.

yogurt

yogurt

Yogurt adds richness and helps carry watercress's flavor, giving the pairing a smoother texture and a more rounded finish.

almonds
apples
asparagus
bacon
bean sprouts
beef
beets
bell peppers
butter, unsalted
buttermilk
cheese, blue
cheese, goat
chervil
chicken
chives
cilantro
cream
cucumbers
duck
eggs
endive
fennel
fish
fish sauce, asian
garlic
ginger
lamb
leeks
lemon, juice
lime, juice
mascarpone
meats, roasted
mint
mushrooms
mustard
oil, sesame
oil, vegetable
oil, walnut
olive oil
onions, red
onions, white
onions, yellow
orange
oysters
parsley, flat-leaf
pears
peas
potatoes
radicchio
rice
salads
salmon
salt, kosher
salt, sea
scallions
scallops
seafood
sesame oil
shallots
shrimp
smoked salmon
sorrel
soups
soy sauce
stocks, chicken
stocks, fish
stocks, seafood
stocks, vegetable
sugar
tarragon
tea sandwiches
tomatoes
veal
vinaigrette
vinegar, rice
walnuts
wine, rice
wine, white
yogurt